Some numerical simulation results were also reported, which is consistent with the previous experimental results. Further, some scholars observed the growth phenomenon of 3D crack during the biaxial loading process, and they found that lateral load had a significant influence on the growth of 3D crack. conducted research on 3D crack through CT scanning technology. In order to observe the growth of 3D crack intuitively, Li et al. found the growth started from the 3D crack tip to form the wrapping wing cracks, and the maximum length of the wing crack could reach 1–1.5 times the initial crack radius. During the uniaxial compression process, Dyskin et al.

The research results showed that geometric characteristics of the preexisting crack have an important effect on peak stress and failure behavior of the corresponding sample. used the PMMA sample and mortar sample with the preexisting crack to conduct an experiment. Therefore, scholars have carried out further research on the 3D crack. Research on the mechanical behavior of 3D crack is an unavoidable topic. Īlthough the 2D crack model reduces the complexity of research, it is still different from the real 3D crack.

On this basis, a lot of experiments and research work have been carried out, and many meaningful results have been obtained.

However, most research simplifies the crack to 2D state due to the complexity of experimental observation and theoretical analysis of a 3D crack. Generally, the cracks in the rock masses are constrained by forces in three directions (3D state). Therefore, research on the growth behavior and mechanical mechanism of the rock has important meaning for ensuring the stability of rock mass. When the rock is subjected to the external load, various cracks randomly distributed in the rocks will start to grow, resulting in the instability of the rock structure. Although these defects account for only a small part of the volume of rock, they have an important impact on the mechanical properties of the rock.

The rock is a natural and heterogenous material, possessing various defects inside and on the surface.

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